Journal Name:
Am J Clin Nutr
Article Title:
Effects of two high-fat diets with different fatty acid compositions on glucose and lipid metabolism in healthy young women
Date Written:
1994
Volume:
59
Number:
Page:
1310
Author(s):
Uusitupa, M.; Schwab, U.; M�kimattila, S.; Karhap��, P.; Sarkkinen, E.; Maliranta, H.; �gren, J.; Penttil�, I.
Article:
High intakes of SFAs are associated with elevations in total serum lipids and lipoproteins as well as fasting blood glucose in both non-diabetic and diabetic populations. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of a high fat diet consisting of MUFA and low in SFA on glucose and lipid metabolism. The study population consisted of ten healthy females who consumed two experimental diets in a randomized cross-over design. Each diet was fed for 3 weeks with a 2 week wash-out period between the treatments. Diets were comprised of 40% fat, 45% carbohydrate and 15% protein. A high SFA diet consisting of 20% of energy as SFA, 15% as MUFA and 5% as PUFA was compared to a high MUFA diet comprised of 10% of energy as SFA, 20% as MUFA and 10% as PUFA. The main sources of fat were butter in the SFA diet and CO in the MUFA diet. Subjects were instructed as to the content of their diets throughout the study.
The results indicated that glucose area under the curve during the glucose tolerance test (glucose dose 300 mg/kg, plasma samples before glucose dose and at 10 minute intervals for 90 minutes) was significantly lower following the MUFA diet. Glucose disappearance rate after glucose injection also tended to be steeper after the MUFA diet in comparison to the SFA diet. TC and LDL-C levels were significantly lower following the MUFA than the SFA diet, by 21.6% and 29.5%, respectively. LDL-C also tended to be lower with the high fat, MUFA diet than when the subjects consumed their habitual low-fat diets. HDL-C concentrations did not differ between the two diets. During the MUFA diet, both apo A1 and apo B decreased, although not significantly.
The data suggests that a high MUFA diet comprised of CO can positively influence glucose levels in healthy females. The authors hypothesize that the improvement in glucose tolerance may be attributed to the increase of MUFA, synergistic effects of MUFA and PUFA and/or a reduction in SFA with the CO diet. Further, the effects of dietary FAs may be enhanced in individuals who are diabetic as SFA intakes have been positively correlated with increased rates of diabetes in populations consuming a typical "Western style diet which are generally high in SFA. The study also confirms the results of a number of research groups which have shown the positive effects of CO based diets on serum lipid and lipoprotein levels.", , ,
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