Journal Name:
Am J Clin Nutr
Article Title:
Serum lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations in healthy men on diets enriched in either canola oil or safflower oil
Date Written:
1991
Volume:
54
Number:
Page:
104
Author(s):
Wardlaw, G.; Snook, J.; Lin, M-C.; Puangco, M.; Kwon, J.
Article:
Previous investigators have reported that diets comprised of vegetable oils with high levels of the PUFA, LA, lower the protective lipoprotein fraction, HDL-C. Wardlaw and co-workers have shown that Apo A-1, a major protein component of HDL-C, may be reduced following short term feeding of high PUFA diets, a finding which suggests that lowered HDL-C may occur with longer term diets. The objectives of the present study were to assess the effects upon HDL-C of a high PUFA diet, fed as safflower oil, in comparison to a high MUFA diet, fed as CO, on serum lipids and apolipoproteins. An additional specific objective was to determine whether these diets which contained 39% of energy as fat, but low in SFAs (7 ? 1%), would lower LDL-C concentrations. In this study, 16 men consumed 39 ? 1% of energy as fat either from safflower- or CO-oil-based diets for 8 weeks in a randomized blind study. Prior to the feeding trial, all 32 subjects were stabilized for 3 weeks on a typical American (baseline) diet.
The authors reported that, compared with baseline values, the diets containing low SFA contents, safflower oil and CO, significantly reduced serum total cholesterol levels by 9-15%, LDL-C levels by 12-20%, and apolipoprotein B-100 by 21-24%. No significant changes between baseline and experimental levels of serum TGs, total HDL-C, HDL3 cholesterol, HDL2 cholesterol, or apolipoprotein A-I were noted. The investigators concluded that their data suggests that even if total fat intake remains at levels noted in a typical "Western style diet (39-40% of dietary energy), LDL -C can be lowered if saturated fatty acid intake can be minimized. These findings have significance for CO based diets as this oil offers the lowest levels of SFA of any common vegetable oil available to North American consumers. Furthermore, these results are encouraging as they indicate that lowering total SFAs may be more important to maintaining a healthy blood lipid profile than decreasing total fat calories. Reducing total fat in the diet is often very difficult for most individuals. The data support recommendations that stress an increased emphasis on intakes of dietary oils such as CO which contains moderate levels of PUFA , high levels of MUFA and very low SFAs. Oils such as CO provide an excellent alternate for oils high in SFAs. In addition, the data suggested that diets high in PUFAs do not necessarily lower HDL-C concentrations under the experimental conditions utilized in this study."
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